Exploring Different Types of Dental Implants

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Dental implants are highly regarded in restorative dentistry, boasting an impressive success rate of 98%. However, it’s important to note that there are various types of dental implants available. As such, the right choice is crucial for a successful procedure and optimal oral health. However, we know you’ll need assistance choosing between them all. In this guide, we will provide a detailed breakdown of the different types of dental implants, including their procedures, benefits, and drawbacks. We will be placing special focus on the main types of dental implants, which are endosteal, subperiosteal, and zygomatic implants. Let’s delve into each type of dental implant to determine which is best suited for you.

Endosteal Implants

Endosteal implants involve surgically placing artificial tooth roots into the jawbone to provide support for a prosthetic tooth or bridge. These implants are typically crafted from titanium, a biocompatible material that enables them to fuse with the surrounding bone, establishing a sturdy foundation. They are suitable for patients seeking a natural-looking tooth replacement option and for those who wish to avoid the removal of healthy teeth. Click here to learn about all-on-4-dental implants

The Procedure

The first step is to consult with a dental implant specialist. They will assess your oral health, and conduct a comprehensive dental exam to evaluate your jawbone condition.
Based on the examination results, the dentist will create a personalized treatment plan.
The dentist will then make a small incision in the gum tissue to access the jawbone. A hole is carefully drilled into the bone, and the implant, which resembles a screw, is placed securely into the hole. The gum tissue is then stitched back into place.
After the implant is placed, a healing period of three to six months is required. During this time, osseointegration occurs, where the implant fuses with the surrounding bone. You may be given a temporary prosthetic tooth or bridge to wear during this healing phase.
Once there is full integration, the final step is to attach a custom-designed prosthetic tooth or bridge to the implant using an abutment.

Advantages

They are a highly effective and long-lasting solution for tooth replacement.
They provide a stable and secure foundation for prosthetic teeth or bridges, leading to improved biting and chewing function.
They help prevent bone loss in the jaw and maintain the overall facial structure.
They fuse with the jawbone over time, establishing a secure connection capable of supporting the weight of replacement teeth.

Disadvantages

They can be an invasive procedure and may require a lengthy healing period.
They require sufficient bone density in the jaw, making patients with significant bone loss unsuitable candidates.
They may involve higher costs compared to alternative tooth replacement options like dentures or bridges.

Subperiosteal Implants

While endosteal implants are fixed within the jawbone, subperiosteal implants are positioned beneath the gum but above the jawbone. Subperiosteal implants consist of a personalized metal framework designed to match the contour of the patient’s jawbone. This framework is accompanied by posts or screws that extend through the gums, securing the replacement teeth or dental prosthetics. These implants are typically recommended when there is insufficient jawbone to support traditional endosteal implants.

The Procedure

Several steps are involved in the placement of subperiosteal implants. Initially, a CT scan or dental mold is used to create an impression of the jawbone. This impression is then utilized to fabricate a custom-made metal framework using materials like titanium or zirconia.
Next, an incision is made in the gum tissue to expose the bone. The metal framework is carefully positioned on top of the bone and secured using screws or other devices. Proper alignment of the framework is essential to ensure stability and a precise fit for artificial teeth or dental bridges.
Once the framework is secure, the dental appliance is attached to the posts or screws.
After the procedure, a healing period of two to eight weeks is necessary for the bone to fuse with the implant. During this time, the patient may wear dentures. Once the healing period is complete, the patient can receive a permanent set of teeth.

Advantages

Suitable for patients with insufficient jawbone.
Less invasive as they do not require drilling into the jawbone, leading to reduced discomfort and faster recovery.
Provides a stable and secure foundation for dental restorations like crowns or bridges since the implants are positioned on top of the jawbone.

Disadvantages

May not be suitable for all individuals, particularly those with significant bone loss or gum disease.
Elevated risk of infection as subperiosteal implants are placed beneath the gum tissue.
Tends to be more costly than traditional implants due to customization for each patient and specialized placement techniques.

Zygomatic Implants

Zygomatic implants are anchored into the zygomatic bone (the cheekbone) and extended into the maxillary sinus, a hollow space behind the cheeks. This is in contrast to conventional implants placed directly into the jawbone. The utilization of these longer implants eliminates the need for bone grafting procedures that are often required with traditional implants.

The Procedure

A comprehensive dental examination is conducted to assess the condition of the jawbone, sinuses, and other oral structures. This evaluation helps determine if zygomatic implants are the appropriate solution for you.
Based on the evaluation results, a customized treatment plan is created.
The procedure typically requires general anesthesia or intravenous (IV) sedation to ensure your comfort throughout the surgery.
The surgeon makes an incision in the gum tissue to expose the zygomatic bone and gain access to the maxillary sinus. This step may involve a small opening in the cheekbone.
An incision is then made in the gum tissue, and a small opening is created in the cheekbone to access the zygomatic bone. The bone is then prepared by establishing a channel or pathway for the insertion of the implant.
The zygomatic implant is carefully inserted into the zygomatic bone and extends into the maxillary sinus. The implant is anchored securely in place, taking advantage of the existing bone structure.

Advantages

Enables placement of dental implants in patients with severe bone loss in the upper jaw.
Provides immediate support for a temporary tooth or bridge.
Eliminates the need for bone grafting, which is a more invasive and time-consuming procedure.

Disadvantages

More complex and technically demanding than traditional dental implants.
Carries a higher risk of complications, such as nerve damage or sinus perforation.
More expensive compared to traditional dental implants.

Having weighed the advantages and disadvantages of these types of implants, you probably already know which you’d likely opt for. However, it’s best not to decide until you’ve seen a professional. Contact us today for more information. We’d love to work with you to achieve the smile of your dreams!